Posts Tagged omega 3 spread

… Learn About REAL Vitamin C

So you already know that you should be on a multi-vitamin, an omega-3 fatty acid and a digestive enzyme. So, what’s next? First, let me list the specific …

In this study, 91 women age 40-55 who were suffering an average of 2.58 hot flashes daily were given either a supplement containing EPA or a placebo. The group receiving EPA decreased the number of hot flashes by an average of 1.58 while the placebo group only saw a decrease of approximately 0.5.
(Menopause, 2008: Nov 20)

Dr. Ray’s Notes:
It does not surprise me that omega-3 fatty acids have an impact on incidence of hot flashes. This is just one more notch in the belt of fish oil. Although this research is fairly preliminary, the multitude of other benefits are pretty clear and thus fish oil should be a part of most people’s supplement program. This finding is simply icing on the cake.

Argument: If I eat plenty of fruits and vegetables, then I don’t need to add vitamins and minerals.
Answer: The argument that the nutritional needs of the body can be thoroughly met through diet is probably a valid one, as long as certain assumptions hold true. The main assumption is that the diet is made up almost entirely of fresh fruit and vegetables from local and trusted growers who understand crop rotation and proper soil fertilization. A fruit’s nutrition is highest at the height of its ripeness when the fruit is just about to fall from the tree, bush or vine. This makes great evolutionary sense as the purpose of the fruit is to propagate the species of the plant. The survival of the seed is most probable when the fruit contains the nutrition necessary to allow the seedling to develop. In addition, the sweetness and nutrition content of the fruit increase the likelihood that the fruit will be eaten by animals that scour the grasses for food. This helps both the animal and the plant as the animal gets food and the plant’s seed gets spread to different areas as it passes through the stool of the animal onto fertile ground elsewhere. The problem is that most conventional fruit is picked unripe and then ripened on the way to the store through artificial processes using ethylene. This makes for a fruit or vegetable that contains suboptimal levels of nutrients. A study performed at Oregon State University found that green blackberries contain only 74 mg/100 grams of anthocyanins (a plant compound/antioxidant known to protect the body from heart disease and cancer) compared to 317 mg/100 grams for vine ripened blackberries. (J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Sep 22;52(19):5907-13.) Research in Spain demonstrated that cherries picked prematurely contained one-half the level of vitamin C as cherries picked ripe (J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Apr 6;53(7):2741-5.)

In addition, due to the over farming of lands there is not enough nutrition in the soil to make for highly nutritive foods. For example, each time a watermelon is picked from the land some of the nutrition goes with it, after all, a fundamental law of physics is you cannot make something from nothing. Over time the soil gets depleted and the nutrition in the fruits and vegetables suffer. To make matters worse, the growers use a process of selective breeding to increase pith and water (the pith is the fibrous material such as the netting around the pulp of the orange and the white fluff just under the skin). This makes for big, attractive and heavy fruit with less vitamin and mineral content. These plant breeders lovingly refer to this process as the “dilution effect”. An example of this effect is with a very popular breed of broccoli called “Marathon” which is big and green and according to the USDA contains half the calcium and magnesium of other more nutritious hybrids of broccoli. All of this results in more weight and less nutrition.

In a 2004 study, scientists discovered that the nutrition content for 6 nutrients have declined significantly in fruits and vegetables since 1950. These nutrients include calcium, riboflavin, vitamin C, iron, potassium and protein. (J Am Coll Nutr. 2004 Dec;23(6):669-82) This study from the University of Texas evaluated the nutrient content over time of 43 garden crops. This study takes into account the effect of many different factors including ethylene ripening, the dilution effect, the use of commercial fertilizer, over farming, etc.
So is it possible to find nutrient dense fruits and vegetables? I believe so. Studies have shown that organic fruits and vegetables have more vitamins, minerals and antioxidants when compared to conventional produce. (J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Sep 11;50(19):5458-62; J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Feb 26;51(5):1237-41) Even if you regularly use organic produce, you will need to eat larger quantities of these fruits and vegetables to meet the vitamin, mineral and antioxidant needs of the body. I believe that people who meet these produce requirements are the exception rather than the rule.

One final argument on this subject doesn’t have to do with the nutrient content of the food as much as it has to do with nutrient needs of the body. Today’s body has to deal with an onslaught of toxic attack that we did not evolve on. Cleaning product, pollutions, stress and out gassing of carpets and paint all cause a withdrawal from the antioxidant and nutrient reserves of the body. We cannot assume that the nutrient needs of yesteryear apply to today! In other words, you need more nutrition today just to meet the minimum needs! Research has found that the great majority of the population does not meet the pitiful RDA requirements for one or more nutrients.

Argument: Doesn’t supplementation just cause expensive urine?
Answer: Whenever I debate the need for supplementation it seems that the first argument is always the same, “All that you are doing with nutritional supplements is making expensive urine.” This argument comes from the point that any excess of water soluble nutrients that you take in will be excreted through the urine. So if you take 1,000 mg of vitamin C and your body only uses 500 mg then you will kick out 500 mg of the vitamin C as “waste”. My answer to this is, better a surplus than a deficiency! When you supplement, you do run the risk of losing some extra nutrients in the urine. This argument can be made for those who eat plenty of fruits and vegetables as you will likely see more vitamins and minerals in their urine as well. Does this mean that you should not eat fruits and vegetables? In addition, if you want to talk about expensive urine let’s talk about the urine of people who take medications. You will find a significant amount of these medications in the urine and stool of these patients. So you choose- expensive urine full of vitamins or expensive urine full of medications.

Argument: We eat more food than most other countries, aren’t my nutrition needs being met?
Answer: I agree with the first statement regarding the quantity of food that we eat, however, I disagree with the second part of the statement which refers to the quality of food. Our society has built a food culture that creates a population of overfed and undernourished people. This means that calories are plentiful but nutrients such as vitamins, minerals and phytochemicals are deficient. This is the main reason why supplementation is so important. Starvation as it pertains to energy is not a common problem here in the United States, however, cellular starvation is a major problem. This means that the cells have all of the fuel that they require to function; however, the cells may not have the micronutrients necessary to be able to convert the fuel to energy and appropriately distribute that energy to various functions such as the immune and repair systems. This is like a car with a full tank of gas and no spark plugs. Remember, practically every study that has evaluated various vitamin and mineral levels in the blood have correlated higher levels of food nutrients with significantly better health. This means getting nutrients from whole food sources when possible and supporting with supplementation as an insurance policy.

Argument: There are no studies to support the need for supplementation.
Answer: This statement is just plain ridiculous! There is a tremendous amount of research on nutrition and its benefit to health. I have never understood how people make this comment when I am drowning in studies published in peer reviewed journals demonstrating the benefit and safety of nutritional supplementation. Search PubMed or Medline (the same search engine used by your doctor) on omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, coenzyme Q 10, vitamin E, vitamin C, etc. You will be blown away by the results that you get. As far as safety goes, according to the 2005 annual report in the journal Clinical Toxicity, which evaluates the reports from 61 poison control centers in the U.S., out of 53 billion doses of supplemental vitamin supplements there was not even one death reported. Tragically, Tylenol was not so lucky being responsible for numerous adverse events and deaths.
I have dedicated my life to the study of longevity and, more importantly, to the study of vitality. My definite purpose is to design a system of living that allows people like you and me to live long, energetic lives full of LIFE ENERGY! To accomplish this goal, a system is needed that will prevent disease and promote energy production, circulation, repair and rejuvenation throughout our entire lives. It is my belief that this goal can be met with a healthy diet full of fresh, raw, organic, healthy foods. It is also my belief that with each day that science “revolutionizes” our lives and food industries this becomes harder and harder. Although it is possible to live long and healthy lives without supplementation, it is less likely today than ever before and the majority of us need supplements to meet our body’s needs.

Fibrinogen is a protein that is produced by the body and plays a very important role in the process of clotting. When there is damage to a tissue, for instance if you cut your finger, the fibrinogen acts to form the scaffolding on which the clot can form.

As you can see, this is a very important process and fibrinogen is an important player in keeping you from bleeding to death during injury.

So far so good, so why are we talking about fibrinogen?

Fibrinogen – The Jekyll and Hyde of the body

Fibrinogen apparently has a dark side as well. As with most compounds produced by the body, when they get out of balance they become potentially harmful and fibrinogen is no different. Because fibrinogen acts as a precursor to clots, you can imagine that if fibrinogen levels rise it can lead to abnormal clots such as deep vein thrombosis, heart attack and stroke. In addition, having a chronically elevated fibrinogen has been linked with plaque formation in the arteries and thus becomes a major risk factor in the development of heart disease. Fibrinogen can also impede normal blood blow by thickening the blood, thus making it difficult for oxygen and nutrients to be delivered to vital organs and muscles. This poor blood flow can cause fatigue, muscle pain and even memory loss.

You can see how an elevation in fibrinogen can lead to chronic health problems that ultimately decrease the quality of our lives. So what can be done about elevated fibrinogen?

How to Normalize Fibrinogen

First, have your doctor test your blood to determine if your fibrinogen levels are too high. Research suggests that fibrinogen levels should remain between 200 and 300 mg/dl, even though the blood test may list a much higher range as “normal”.

Now that we know that your fibrinogen levels are elevated, we recommend the following lifestyle and supplement change

1. Control blood sugar. Diabetics are at a much higher risk of heart attack and stroke. This increased risk occurs for many reasons, however, higher fibrinogens are likely one reason. Controlling blood sugar can have a significant impact on fibrinogen levels.
2. Exercise. Regular exercise can help to promote better blood flow while decreasing the amount of fibrinogen that is circulating through the system.
3. Adding olive oil to your diet has been shown to lower fibrinogen levels in people who have elevated levels.
4. Supplement with omega-3 fatty acids, specifically fish oil. The omega-3 fatty acids in fish oil have been shown to decrease the risk of heart attack. In addition, fish oil decreases triglycerides, stickiness of blood cells and…you guessed it, fibrinogen levels! For best results we recommend that you take enough fish oil to provide 1000 mg of EPA and DHA. A good recommendation would be WholeMega by New Chapter 2 capsules twice daily.
5. Normalize homocysteine. Homocysteine is a byproduct of protein metabolism that has been linked to heart disease. Your doctor can order a simple blood test to assess homocysteine levels. Elevated homocysteine prevents the body from breaking down fibrinogen and thus can lead to an increase in blood fibrinogen. If they are high then you will want to take supplements containing certain vitamins and nutrients such as B12, folic acid, B6 and trimethylglycine (TMG). One such product that combines all of these nutrients is called Homocysteine Factors by Pure Encapsulations.
6. Vitamin C can help to keep fibrinogen levels in check. It appears that you must take at least 2,000 mg of vitamin C daily in order to lower fibrinogen levels significantly. If you have high fibrinogen levels, you may want to take 1,000 mg of Pureway vitamin C from Your Prescription for Health, twice daily.

There are three main types of omega-3 fatty acid in the diet, ALA, EPA and DHA. ALA, is found in vegetable sources of omega-3 fatty acids including flax seed, hemp seed and many nuts. As it pertains to brain function, this omega-3 has the weakest effect because it is more of a precursor to the body’s activated fatty acids EPA and DHA. Of the two remaining omega-3 fats, DHA is most important for the discussion of brain function and is what I will focus on in this article. This does not mean that DHA is all that is required for a healthy system. Remember, nature has placed EPA and DHA into the food and in our body for very specific reasons. As it pertains to brain function, EPA simply plays a lesser role and thus will not be discussed here.

DHA, is the most “unsaturated” of the omega-3 fatty acid and has a great affinity for the brain and nervous system where it plays numerous roles. Research has shown DHA to be important for brain development in infants and much of the research has been devoted to how DHA supplementation improves brain development in the young. More and more data is now coming out that is shedding light on DHA’s roles in brain maintenance in adults. Some very interesting research has found DHA to be important in keeping the memory functioning properly as well as general brain function.

Two studies, the Chicago study and the Rotterdam study, reported a 60% decrease in incidence of Alzheimer’s in people who enjoyed at least one fish meal a week. These observational studies confirm previous preliminary research that found extremely low levels of DHA in the memory center of the brain of Alzheimer’s subjects who had succumbed to the disease. Research at the University of Kentucky found that certain phospholipids, which contain high levels of DHA, were severely depleted in the most diseased parts of the brain of Alzheimer’s patients.

Recent studies have found DHA to play integral roles in numerous important brain pathways including:
1. Maintaining adequate levels of important phospholipids that allow brain cells to communicate with one another
2. The proper production of certain neurotransmitters such as dopamine
3. The regulation of enzymes necessary for proper brain and memory function
4. The regulation of inflammation that can speed the process of Alzheimer’s and other diseases of the brain
5. The production of certain neuroprotective proteins which prevent damage to fragile areas of the brain through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways. These protective molecules prevent the inappropriate death of nerve cells.
Aside from the benefits to memory DHA plays important roles in regulating mood. DHA deficiency has been noted in cases of depression and aggression. A recent study found dogs who are more aggressive may be suffering from a deficiency in DHA. In addition, a study performed in jails in England found a 50% drop in murder rates in jails when DHA was supplemented to the diets of the prison population.

Conclusion:

DHA, an omega-3 fatty acid found in fish oil, plays numerous roles in maintaining a healthy brain. I feel that fish oil is a vital supplement for people who want to protect their brains from degeneration and should be a first line prescription for those who have been diagnosed with any degenerative disease of the brain or mood disorder. There is evidence that krill oil, an oil extracted from a type of crustacean, may provide important phospholipids in addition to the omega-3 fatty acids. Although data is lacking that krill oil would be a sufficient replacement for fish oil, I feel that it would be a good supplement to add, along with fish oil, for people suffering with a brain disease.

Dosage recommendation: 1 Tablespoon daily of Carlson’s Finest Fish Oil (or 6-9 capsules daily if you prefer) could be used along with 2 capsules daily of krill oil.

The most important thing that you need to know about high blood pressure is that it is generally not a disease, instead, it’s a symptom of a body that is biochemically out of balance. In this article, we will teach you a simple three step system for natural blood pressure control using only diet and natural remedies. The purpose of such a program is to achieve one thing…bring the body back into perfect balance so that blood pressure is controlled by the body’s own homeostatic systems.

Step 1: Find Out Why You Have High Blood Pressure

I am not going to leave you to figure this out on your own, nor am I going to leave it to your busy, overworked doctor either. Below are the tests that you should ask your doctor for to figure out why your blood pressure may be elevated:

1. Fasting Insulin Levels & Hemoglobin a1c – The number one cause of elevated blood pressure is elevated insulin levels and the resulting metabolic syndrome. These two tests will help to diagnose a metabolic syndrome and may help to save you from a future diabetes diagnosis.
2. Potassium (K) & intracellular magnesium (RBC-Mg) – These two minerals are essential to a healthy blood pressure. If either, or both, are low or low-normal, this could be one indication as to why your blood pressure is elevated.
3. Vitamin D – Vitamin D deficiency is common in our society and when vitamin D is low, the cardiovascular system does not work properly.
4. RBC-Mg (Red blood cell magnesium) – Magnesium deficiency is a common problem in our society and the consequences can be devastating. Magnesium acts as a natural calcium channel blocker and works to relax the blood vessels.

Step 2: 3 Dietary Changes for a Healthy Blood Pressure

1. Decrease carbohydrate intake. Carbohydrates increase insulin production which causes fluid retention, inflammation and electrolyte imbalance.
2. Remove all unhealthy fats. These fats include trans-fatty acids and cooked omega-6 fatty acids from vegetable oils.
3. Make the Magic Salad for Blood Pressure every day. I have designed a salad recipe that will flood your body with hypertension- blasting ingredients which are high in potassium, magnesium and phytochemicals that will lower blood pressure and promote wellness. The ingredients are as follows:

• Organic field greens (available at Costco and most local grocery stores)
• Organic carrots
• Celery
• Green & Red Peppers
• Radishes
• Mushrooms
• Fresh parsley
• Tomatoes
• Braggs Apple cider vinegar and extra-virgin olive oil

Eat at least one large salad, containing these ingredients every day. Note: Some medications, called ACE Inhibitors, can cause your body to retain potassium. If you are on these medication, your doctor should monitor your potassium closely.

Step 3: Use the right natural supplements to promote a healthy blood pressure.

Supplements can be an effective tool in your struggle to normalize blood pressure. The goals of a natural program for high blood pressure are three fold:

1. Normalize deficiencies (such as potassium, magnesium zinc, omega-3, etc.)
2. Decrease resistance to insulin
3. Relax blood vessels & normalize fluid balance

There are a few natural remedies that we recommend for normalizing blood pressure.

1. WholeMega by New Chapter – This omega-3 supplement provides a healthy balance of essential fatty acids that help to relax and improve the elasticity of blood vessels. Recommended dose: 2 capsules twice daily.
2. Cardiotonic-BP by Natura Health Products – I have used this formula in my practice for almost a year, it is a blend of some of natures most powerful herbal and nutritional ingredients for a healthy blood pressure. 3 capsules twice daily.
3. Coenzyme Q10 – CoQ10 helps to energize the cells and protect the vessels from free radicals that can harm the blood pressure. Research has not delineated the exact mechanism by which CoQ10 positively impacts the blood pressure; but it can have a significant impact on blood pressure while positively impacting overall wellness.

Examples discussed in the column over the past years include the fact that we are the only animal that drinks the milk of a different animal and drinks milk after we’ve been weaned. This has resulted in numerous health issues that may be hard to directly link to the consumption of milk, but nonetheless are health condition that improve with the avoidance of dairy products.

We are the only animal that artificially extends daylight hours, through the use of electricity and light bulbs, which has a clear effect upon the way our bodies use sugar and store fat. To our body, it is always August (the time of the longest exposure to sunlight) and our bodies are programmed to crave carbohydrates and store fat to prepare for the coming “winter” with less food available and colder temperatures to endure. The spread of affordable electricity coincides with the spread of diabetes, heart disease and obesity in this country.

The topic for this column has to do with a different way that we alter nature’s plan… and the short-term and long-term negative effects of not respecting “the way things were meant to be.”

A ruminant is an animal that is designed to eat certain kinds of foods and digest those foods in a certain way. Ruminants, examples of which are cows and sheep, eat grass. Eat may not be the proper term… they actually eat it, then eat it again, and still again, in a very specific manner that allows for the proper digestion and the ability to create protein from a food source that has very little protein to begin with. Ruminants have stomachs that are vastly different from ours… in fact some people interpret a cow to have 4 stomachs (which technically is not the case, each chamber has a specific name and function).

A cow has a particular relationship with the grass that it eats and the environment that it lives in… a relationship that works perfectly for the animal, the grass, and the ecosystem around them. By grazing a pasture, the cow maintains the integrity of the field by weeding out saplings before they are able to grow into trees that would disrupt the grassland, by planting grass seeds through the digging of their hooves and by fertilizing the grasses as it goes along. The grass provides the perfect food for the cow to grow and reproduce.

If this is the way that nature intended for a particular animal and the environment to interact, in perfect harmony, then why has the cattle industry grown in a way that completely disrupts this process and relationship? That is the question of the day… and the answer is easy… it always comes down to money! But the less obvious concern is the negative ramifications to our health and the health of the world around us as a result of interference with the delicate balance of a complex system.

So… I ask you… what is the true cost of beef?

The fact is that a cow in nature, left to its own devices, would only eat grass. The only grains that it would consume would be very small amounts of grass seeds. But, the beef that we eat is known as “corn-fed” beef, unless you are buying pasture-fed beef, which is more expensive and less available (and don’t be fooled into thinking that “organic” beef is not corn-fed, because it very well might be… just organic corn).

One reason that the beef industry has resorted to using corn as the mainstay in the cattle’s diet is because it is the cheapest, most plentiful, most compact and most portable option available. It allows for the feeding of the highest number of animals on the smallest plot of land.

But maybe the bigger reason for corn feeding is the corns’ ability (along with protein supplements and hormones) to get the cattle to slaughter weight in the shortest amount of time. You see… time is of the essence when you are talking about delivering a commodity that is in big demand. In the early 1900s a typical steer would take 4 to 5 years to get to an acceptable size and weight for “harvesting.” In the 1950s, the time frame was more like 2 to 3 years.

Today, the high-tech business of cattle growing turns a calf into a 1250-pound steer, ready for the butcher, in only 14 to 16 months. Boy… talk about fast food!

This all came about because of the widespread use of petrochemical fertilizers and the surplus of corn that resulted after World War II. Believe it or not, because of corn surpluses and federal subsidies, the price of corn is actually 50 cents per bushel less than the cost of growing it! What a bargain! Did you know that it takes 1.2 gallons of oil to make the chemicals used as fertilizers to produce each bushel of corn?

The problem, though, is that the cow was not designed to eat and digest grains like corn. Corn-fed cattle certainly do grow fatter faster, but the negative consequences to the health of the cow are numerous and far-reaching… requiring all sorts of “remedies” that further negatively affect the health of those who end up eating the cow… namely… US!

Here is the way it works… the corn causes a marked change in the pH of the gut of the cow… it makes it much more acidic. This causes a significant change in the kind of bacteria that lives in the gut of the cow and in the function of the cow’s immune system. This, in turn, creates the need for the constant use of antibiotics in the cattle-feed. The antibiotics further degrade the proper bacterial balance inside the cow and work to create resistant bacteria that like to live in an acidic environment.

In normal circumstances, when eating grass, the gut pH of a cow is practically neutral… and the bacteria that live there and play a vital role with digestion thrive in that environment. Those bacteria would have a hard time living in an acidic environment… the stomach, say, of a different animal that may be more acidic… like that of a human. But these new bugs that are created and strengthened through the above-described process actually prefer the acidic environment of parts of the human gastro-intestinal tract and can wreck havoc on our health. An example would be the recently described E.Coli 0157 strain, which can be responsible for killing a human with a minimal exposure.

The “feedlot life” of the commercial cattle is much like the life of a major European city of the 1400s… tremendously crowded conditions, constant new arrivals from all over the country, extremely poor sanitation (cattle literally wade a foot deep in their waste)… and the predictable result of unbelievably poor health.

Cattle are also almost universally given estrogen implants to help increase weight and fat in quick fashion. The incentive for the producer is hard to ignore. The implants cost about $1.50 each and the hormones are responsible for a 40 to 50 pound increase at time of slaughter, which translates into at least $25 more dollars for the steer… sometimes that is the only margin that the producers actually make.

Of course, there are the trace amounts of the hormones that show up in the finished product (steaks, burgers, etc) to be concerned about… but what about those of us who avoid the beef? Increased synthetic growth hormones have shown up in feedlot waste, which get into the ground water. Scientists have started to discover fish showing abnormal sex characteristics in waters that are downstream from feedlots.

Is it just a coincidence that conditions like breast cancer, falling sperm counts and premature maturation in girls are more common since these cattle raising practices have been in use?

The entire story above aside, the most insidious result of modern cattle producing practices is that the quality of fats in the cow changes markedly, and that’s why eating beef is unhealthy. Madison Avenue has so successfully marketed us about beef that we actually think that “corn-fed” beef is preferred. And, I guess, from a certain viewpoint, it is… feeding cattle corn certainly does help develop “well-marbled” flesh, which the UDSA grading system actually rewards.

But, the fats are the saturated fats, Omega-6, that promote inflammation and ill-health… things like cancer and heart disease. In actuality, the negative health issues associated with eating beef may really be from eating corn-fed beef. Cattle that eat the way nature intended produce the proper ratio of Omega 3 to Omega 6 fats that help to prevent ill health instead of promote it.

In essence, we have converted the cow from an efficient, solar-powered protein-producing machine into another machine that requires fossil fuels to run… just what we need in today’s world!

So… what is the true cost of beef? Let’s figure it out… 25 pounds of corn a day… that’s 284 gallons of oil per steer… add the cost of the antibiotics used… and the considerably higher cost of the results of the antibiotic use including food poisoning from rogue bacteria… the cost of cancer and heart disease treatments… sounds a little more expensive than the $1.29/pound special at the local super market!

For example, one of the rules that you hear us spout out all of the time is “milk is food for cows, not for humans.” This rule is based on the fact that there is an ingredient in cow’s milk (casein) that the human body cannot break down – we do not have the ability to make the enzyme needed to do that job. It is also based on a keen observation of what happens in the rest of nature… you never see an animal drinking the milk of a different animal.

Another rule is “moderation and variation.” This speaks to the idea that in our diet, we are much better served by having smaller amounts of a large variety of fruits and vegetables than eating large amounts of just a few, even if those few are power packed with certain nutrients. It also refers to the idea that a little chocolate isn’t going to kill you.

One of my favorite rules that I know is so basic and universal that every single one of us would benefit if we followed it is… “eat foods the way that nature provides them.” The implications of this one spread far and wide.

For decades now Americans have been operating with the understanding that fats are bad and are to be avoided.  Those of us with high cholesterol, various heart conditions, or even just a family history of coronary artery disease are told to go on a “low fat” diet, avoiding all forms of fat if possible.  The first thing that we do if we desire to lose weight is to start avoiding fat in our diets.  Our grocery stores shelves are crowded with products that claim “no-fat” or “low-fat” on their labels.

Well, the truth is that there are good fats and there are bad fats.  There is no question that we have entirely too many fats (of the bad variety) in our diets.  The answer to our health needs is not to avoid fats completely, but to change the balance of the kinds of fats we consume in favor of the good fats.

Back in the 1950’s men, mostly in their forties and fifties, began having a new kind of heart attack… one that was caused by a blockage in the arteries around the heart.  Medical experts of the day realized that consuming too many saturated fats, mostly from meat in the diet, and not enough polyunsaturated fats were bad for the heart.  The food industry became awash in corn, safflower, peanut, sunflower and cottonseed oils.  These are all polyunsaturated, Omega-6 oils.

In the 1970’s it was discovered that consuming too many Omega-6 fats and not enough Omega-3 fats actually promotes all of the diseases that we have been trying to avoid… heart disease, allergies, asthma, autoimmune diseases, cancer, diabetes, depression, obesity, etc.

Eskimos that live in Greenland are known to be remarkably free of heart disease, in spite of the fact that they have a lot of fat in their diets.  The reason is that the fats that they consume are from the fish and shellfish that comprise their diets, mostly of the Omega-3 variety.  In 1997 a study revealed that for the first time in their history, the Japanese people are beginning to show a rise in all of the same diseases mentioned earlier, and this coincides with a rise in Omega-6 fat consumption that goes with their newly “Westernized” diet.

And the truth be told, historically, until relatively recent times, before food and water was transported by truck or train, people always settled near a lake, river or stream, and always had a fresh supply of fish or seafood as a staple in the diet.  Also, studies have verified that wild game has high levels of Omega-3 fats while domestically raised animals, fed differently than what they would eat in the wild, provide almost no Omega-3 fats.

Additionally, other foods that naturally supply Omega-3 fats have fallen out of favor in our industrialized society.  Walnuts and butternuts, rich sources of Omega-3s, have been replaced with cashews and peanuts, virtually bereft of Omega-3s.  Up until World War II flaxseeds and the oil from flaxseeds, which provide more Omega-3s than almost any other edible seed, were highly valued, but have since been replaced by other oils that offer no Omega-3s.  Of all known green, leafy vegetables, purslane is the richest source of Omega-3s.  In other countries purslane is considered a food, either as a salad green or a cooked vegetable, but here it is considered a weed.

The fatty acids in the body, including the Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty varieties, are used for production of many different components… possibly the most important being the prostaglandins, hormone-like substances that help regulate many functions in the body, including what every cell in the body allows in and out of it. The key is that too much production of certain ones, ones that stem from the Omega-6s, are responsible for the eventual clogging of the arteries that leads to the heart attacks so prevalent in our society today.

Doctors today commonly recommend some sort of mechanism to keep blood thinner rather than thicker.  The mechanism-du-jour is to take a baby aspirin every day.  Thromboxane is a prostaglandin that initiates the clotting mechanism in the body which, or course, is needed to keep us from bleeding to death from a cut.  But too much thromboxane can be responsible for abnormal clotting, or the tendency for blood to be too thick.  And it is the Omega-6 fats that lead to thromboxane over-production and the Omega-3 fats that reverse that trend.  Some researchers feel that Omega-3 fats from fish may serve as an alternate to aspirin for reducing clotting and preventing heart disease without any side effects.  Thromboxane is also a potent constrictor of arteries, again, a necessary action if one is cut and bleeding.  But the over-production of thromboxane, from the over-consumption of Omega-6 fats, can lead to chronic constricting of the arteries in the body, which shows up as high blood pressure.  Increasing Omega-3 fat intake can help relax and stretch out these blood vessels, thus lowering blood pressure.

Studies have indicated that certain fats can affect cancerous tumor growth in different ways.   Generally, fats high in Omega-6 fatty acids actually encourage tumor growth while fats high in Omega-3 fatty acids can block tumor growth.  And, apparently, this fact can even be more important than overall nutritional status, as demonstrated by a study done in South Africa comparing colon cancer rates of people in a small fishing village and similar people in Cape Town, an urban city. Even though the people in the city consumed twice the amount of fruits and vegetables, supplying the nutrients that are known to help prevent colon cancer like fiber, calcium and antioxidants, they had six times the incidence of colon cancer. The difference was the amount of Omega-3 fatty acids that the villagers consumed because fish was a staple in their diets, which translated into 3 times the amount of Omega-3s and considerably less Omega-6s in their blood.

The Omega-3 fatty acid known as DHA is the most prevalent fat in the brain and in the retina of the eye.  Many countries throughout the world require that DHA be added to baby formulas, but not in the United States.  As a fetus is developing in a mother’s body, DHA is transferred to the baby through the placenta from the mother’s supplies.  If the mother’s diet consists of too many Omega-6’s and not enough Omega-3’s then the baby cannot get all of its needs and eventually ends up suffering in its ability to develop optimally.  The same is true once the baby is born and is nursed… Mom’s diet needs to have more Omega-3’s.  A recent study has proven that babies that are supplemented with the Omega-3 fatty acid DHA end up having higher intelligence scores than babies who do not.  The Omega-3 fats have also been shown to improve Attention Deficit Disorder (A.D.D.), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (A.D.H.D.) and Autism in children and depression and even schizophrenia in adults.

So the bottom line is that in the Standard American Diet (SAD) we get entirely too many Omega-6 fatty acids and not enough Omega-3 fatty acids.  The answer is not to just stop the Omega-6 consumption.  In fact, I would challenge you to try… practically every prepared food that we eat has the polyunsaturated fats that we would need to avoid.  The answer is to lower the amounts of Omega-6s andsubstitute them with the Omega-3s.  By all means, increasing consumption of cold Atlantic fish will help, but realize that much of the fish at the grocery store these days is actually farmed, not caught wild, and eats differently than in the big ocean. And, of course, as is the case with other domestically raised animals, these fish end up having higher Omega-6 and lower Omega-3 levels.

Ultimately, I come to the conclusion with my patients that they need to supplement with fish oil and/or flax oil products.  Fish oil products, sometimes known as MaxEPA or EPA/DHA, come in different strengths and quality.  The oil should come from cold Atlantic fish (not farmed).  The higher strength products come with 300mg EPA and 200mg DHA per capsule, and the lesser strength would be 180mg/120mg.  There are also enteric-coated fish oil capsules for those who taste fish all day long from a lack of proper digestion.  There is also a company that has a patented process of getting the DHA from algae (like the fish do) for people who prefer a vegetarian source.  Flax oil can be found in the liquid oil or in gelcaps.  The process of pressing the seeds is vital to the integrity of the oil.  Flax oil cannot be heated.  The idea of “cold-pressing” is sort of a misnomer… the result of friction is heat, so the “pressing” that happens needs to be carried out in a very controlled environment so the oil quality is not effected.  I also prefer to use the “high lignan” flax oil.  The liquid needs to be refrigerated and only carries a shelf life of 3 months. The capsules are good for a year, or so.

As pharmacists, we have a responsibility to know the products available and have them for our patients.  Lastly, I think it is always important to practice what we preach… take you essential fatty acids!

References:

Erasmus U. Fats the Heal, Fats that Kill. 2^nd ed. Burnaby BC Canada: Alive Books; 1993.

Ensminger AH, Ensminger ME, Konlande JE, Robson JRK. Foods and Nutrition Encyclopedia. 2^nd ed. Vol 2. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, Inc; 1994.

Murray MT, Pizzorno GE. Encyclopedia of Nutritional Supplements. 2^nd ed.Rocklin, CA: Prima Publishing; 1996.

Shils ME, Olson JA, Shike M, Ross AC. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 9^th ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkens; 1999.

Years ago, researchers placed rats on a diet that was high in coconut oil. Soon the researchers noticed that the cholesterol levels were becoming elevated and by the study’s end, the rats had developed plaques in the arteries consistent with heart disease.

Soon, the media was reporting that saturated fat, found in coconut oil, was the cause of our heart disease epidemic. There was one problem, however; the study wasn’t about coconut oil…

What Happens to Rats Who Are Deficient in Essential Fatty Acids?

When the researchers set out to study the rats, their intention was to study what happens to rats that become deficient in essential fatty acids such as, omega-6 and omega-3 fats. To do this, the researchers had to use a fat that was devoid of omega-6 and omega-3 fats. The problem was, most fats that are totally devoid of essential fatty acids are hard to incorporate into rat chow.  In fact, the researchers couldn’t find a fat in nature that was totally devoid of essential fatty acids…so they manufactured one.

It Looks Like Coconut Oil & Tastes Like Coconut Oil, But…

Of all of the fats that the researchers evaluated for the study, coconut oil was closest to the ideal oil. Unfortunately, natural coconut oil contains a small quantity of essential fats, which the researchers had to remove in order to make sure the rats became totally depleted of EFAs. To achieve this, the researchers developed hydrogenated coconut oil, a coconut oil that is flooded with hydrogen in order to remove all EFAs. There was one problem…

Hydrogenation Produces Trans-fats!

During the course of the study, the researchers were setting up the perfect storm for heart disease to develop…They were inducing an essential fatty acid deficiency and simultaneously flooding the rat’s body with trans-fats, which are known to promote high cholesterol and heart disease!

Right Observation…Wrong Finding

The researchers concluded that essential fatty acid deficiency leads to high cholesterol and heart disease. The media concluded that eating coconut oil causes high cholesterol and heart disease…

They Were Both Wrong!

Well, they were both only partially right. Essential fatty acid deficiency probably does cause heart disease, but this study only proves that EFA deficiency along with supplementation with trans-fats causes heart disease. The media was also partially right, eating coconut oil does cause high cholesterol and heart disease, but only if it is hydrogenated coconut oil, full of trans-fats, in combination with an EFA deficient diet.

They rightly observed that feeding rats coconut oil led to heart disease, but they wrongly deduced that the coconut oil was to blame. In fact, it was the hydrogenation of coconut oil and the EFA deficiency that ultimately led to catastrophic problems.

Natural Extra-Virgin Coconut Oil is Healthy!

In 1992, researchers performed a review of the published research on coconut oil. They concluded that unadulterated coconut oil did not cause elevated cholesterol nor did it cause an increased risk of heart disease (Philippine Journal of Internal Medicine 30:165-171;1992.)

In 1994, researchers added natural, unadulterated coconut oil to the diets of men with normal cholesterol. By the study’s end, their cholesterol increased from 166.7 to 170.0 mg/dl, however, the bad cholesterol came down a little while the good cholesterol went up a little. By the study’s end, the men enjoyed a healthier cholesterol balance. (American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 59:841-846;1994.)

In 1991, researchers fed 83 men and women a diet that was comprised of 24% fat, of which 75% came from coconut oil. By the study’s end, the total cholesterol went up by 17%, however, the bad cholesterol came down while the good cholesterol increased by 21.4%!

This is a small sampling of the scientific evidence that proves coconut oil to be safe and healthy cooking oil.

Extra-Virgin Coconut Oil is the Healthiest of ALL Cooking Oil

In this video, I explain why coconut oil is the best cooking oil compared to canola oil, olive oil, peanut oil, sunflower oil, corn oil, and corn oil.

Where to Get Extra-Virgin Coconut Oil

There are many brands of extra-virgin coconut oil on the market. I personally use the Nutiva Extra-Virgin Coconut Oil in my cooking, which is available in our online store. Other brands include:

Garden of Life Extra Virgin Coconut Oil

Jarrow Formulas Extra-Virgin Coconut Oil

How to Choose a Good Coconut Oil

As I mentioned, there are many good brands of extra-virgin coconut oil on the market:

1. Only choose extra-virgin coconut oil – Extra-virgin means that you are getting unadulterated and unrefined coconut oil.
2. Organic is Not Essential – Because coconuts are not typically sprayed with pesticides, it is not essential that it be organic.
3. It should be a white-solid at room temperature – Pure extra-virgin coconut oil is a white, soft, solid at room temperature. It will turn to a clear liquid at temperatures slightly above room temperature.
4. It should be lightly aromatic – In other words, it should smell like a coconut
5. It should have a mild and pleasant flavor – It is from coconut, so it does have a bit of a coconut flavor to it. If it is not right for your recipe, then use extra-virgin olive oil as an alternative.

Extra-virgin coconut oil is a safe and healthy oil to use in cooking and you should enjoy this oil without fear of heart disease or high cholesterol. Due to its mild, coconut flavor, it may not be appropriate for all recipes. If coconut oil doesn’t work for your recipe, then turn to organic butter as a second option followed by extra-virgin olive oil.